斑头雁不同组织氨基酸的组成和含量分析

采用高效液相色谱法对斑头雁卵、肌肉和羽毛中17种氨基酸进行了含量的测定,并分析其中必需氨基酸的含量,为斑头雁的保护和利用提供依据。结果表明,斑头雁的卵、腿肌、胸肌和羽毛中均含有17种氨基酸,必需氨基酸含量较高,配比合理,有较高的营养价值。     

Determination of Phytomarkers in Pharmaceutical Preparations of Hemidesmus indicus Roots by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography was applied to the determination of the major phytomarkers, namely 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, of Hemidesmus indicus root, an Indian medicinal plant. H. indicus bioactive preparations were analyzed by reverse flow micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using sodium taurodeoxycholate as the surfactant. A pH 2.5 phosphate buffer (50 mM) was supplemented with 65 mM of sodium taurodeoxycholate to produce the MEKC pseudostationary phase; because of the suppression of the electroosmotic flow, the migration of the partitioned analytes was toward the capillary anodic end. The use of a short fused-silica capillary (8.5 cm effective length; 50 μm i.d.) allowed the separation of phytomarkers, including vanillin and salicylaldehyde (reported as additional metabolites of H. indicus roots), in less than 8 min. The method showed good validation parameters and was applied to the analysis of methanol extracts and a root decoction of H. indicus, a promising botanical drug. The obtained results were compared to those from an independent high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method. The 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxy 4-methoxybenzaldehyde were found in all samples confirming their roles as phytomarkers. The absence of vanillin and salicylaldehyde suggested that these latter compounds should not be regarded as characteristic components of the bioactive preparations from the plant roots.     

降香黄檀和印度紫檀中微量元素的研究

运用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定了呀约降香的基源植物降香黄檀和印度檀心材中１４种无机元素含量，发现它们之间含量相近的元素为Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｔｉ，Ｆｅ，含量差别较大的元素有Ｓｒ，Ｃｏ，Ｃａ等。     

马兰菜中的营养元素

采用原子吸收分光光度法对马兰菜中的营养元素进行了分析。结果表明马兰菜中营养元素含量丰富,与一般蔬菜比较,其Ｓｅ,Ｚｎ,Ｍｇ,Ｃａ含量更高。但热风脱水处理后,其Ｓｅ,Ｖ含量则减少,且地域不同其微量元素含量有所不同,采用标准加入法进行考察,回收率为９３．３％￣１０６．７％,结果满意。     

斑头雁脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱分析

采用冷冻干燥和改进的Bligh-Dyer方法提取脂肪酸,用GC-MS测定了斑头雁腿肌、胸肌组织和卵的脂肪酸组成情况,含有脂肪酸27种,均为长链脂肪酸(C14.0以上).其中饱和脂肪酸19种,占总含量的80.577％-87.701 ％;不饱和脂肪酸8种,占脂肪酸总含量的12.298％-19.423％.在斑头雁的腿肌、胸肌和卵组织中,脂肪酸组成差异不大(P＜0.05).肌肉中含有的脂肪酸种类要多于卵组织中含有的脂肪酸种类.在斑头雁组织含有10种带有甲氧基的脂肪酸,分别占腿肌脂肪酸总量的36.175％,胸肌脂肪酸的10.401％,卵脂肪酸的45.339％.     

A new antifungal eudesmanolide glycoside isolated from Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Family Compositae)

A new antifungal eudesmanolide glycoside 11,13-dihydro-3-O-(β-digitoxopyranose)-7α-hydroxy eudasman-6,12-olide (2) in addition to known compounds 1 and 3, has been isolated from Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. Its structure was determined by spectral analysis (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrum).     

Delaying of cataract through intervention of Hemidesmus indicus in STZ induced diabetic rats

Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. was extensively used as hypoglycaemic agent and significance of this plant on secondary complications of diabetes remained unknown. The present study was to investigate the anti-cataractous activity of H. indicus against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic cataract in rodent model. Root extracts have been prepared and tested for inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase (AR) activity. In addition, its pharmacological potential has been investigated in STZ-induced diabetic cataract. Methanol extract of H. indicus-inhibited AR activity in vitro decreased the blood glucose levels, inhibited the AR activity and delayed the onset and progression of cataract in a dose-dependent manner in in vivo and the antioxidant markers have been normalised. Our results demonstrate that H. indicus has decrease the osmotic stress by inhibiting the AR activity and prevented the loss of antioxidants and delayed the progression of diabetic cataract in STZ-induced diabetic rats.